Recommended Reconstitution Procedure

• Take the frozen or refrigerated peptide and bring it up to room temperature.

• Pick your solvent. We suggest using water first. When using water, we recommend distilled, de-ionized water. Avoid reconstituting a peptide in a buffer, such as PBS. Salts hinder solubility. Begin reconstituting at a concentration higher than your desired final working concentration.

• The peptide in solution should be completely clear. No cloudiness or specks should be present.
• If the peptide is still not completely reconstituted try the following:
• You should adjust the pH of the solution according to the overall charge of the
  peptide.
  • First count the possible positive charges (K,R,H and free N** terminus).
  • Next count the possible negative charges (D,E and free C** terminus).
  • Find the net charge of the peptide by adding these two numbers.
  • If net charge of peptide is positive add drops of dilute acid, such as TFA, to make the
    mixture soluble.
  • If net charge of peptide is negative add drops of dilute base, such as ammonia, to make
    the mixture soluble.

• If previous methods are not working try dissolving in an organic solvent. Use the following
  general rules to help determine ideal solutions:
  • If peptide contains a lot of hydrophilic amino acids (DENKRH) then try to use H2O as
    solvent.
  • If peptide contains a lot of hydrophobic amino acids (LAVMIWF) then try to use an organic
    solvent, such as DMF, DMSO, or Acetonitrile.

• If the peptide is still not completely reconstituted, re-lyophilize the peptide and repeat the process.